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Data:2009-12-12 2:34
Editor's note: With the State Council promulgated the "motor vehicle traffic accident liability compulsory insurance regulations," the three on the mandatory insurance rates, terms, limits and so on, once again a hot topic.
Western countries, compulsory motor vehicle liability insurance of successful experience in the field, it is worth learning from. Through its analysis of advanced concepts and technologies, we can correctly evaluate the motor vehicle insurance, the risk factors, improve our auto insurance technology, enhance the auto insurance market, the overall level of development and the role of motor vehicle insurance, the social management functions.
Car insurance was first born in the United Kingdom, so far, more than 100 years of history, developed the automotive industry developed, and therefore the development of the motor insurance industry has also been increasingly improved. Automobile insurance is property insurance, the main types of insurance, property insurance premium income accounted for nearly half of income for more than, it has become a major industry in developed countries, by governments of the pie.
Among them, to legislate to enforce motor vehicle third party liability insurance, almost all of the insurance industry in developed countries, automobile insurance, a major commonality.
Three mandatory in determining insurance rates, foreign insurance companies compare the prevailing approach is to rate liberalization. That is in accordance with "freedom of contract" principle, the insurance companies to decide for themselves auto insurance rates.
The advantage of the liberalization of rates is to make profits of insurance companies to rationalize giving benefits to the consumers. Of course, even if the insurance companies there is competition between the automobile insurance premiums, it is always limited to a rational scale, the event of signs of vicious competition, and many insurance companies will automatically exit. This is a great headache for the insurance regulatory authorities, but also a challenge.
In addition, most developed countries have also developed a matching "car security fund system", which aims to protect not covered by insurance, fled after the accident, the insurance company can not be paid, etc. occurs, rescue the victims.
Germany: auto insurance sub-grade
German insurance companies tend to be divided into different grades of motor vehicle insurance, as the rate of compensation approved by the insurance basis. Of course, many countries have similar practices. In other words, the higher level, indicating that the lower the probability of car problems, insurance, the higher rate of compensation, if a certain amount of compensation after the accident, insurance, high-grade pre-paid car insurance costs relatively low. To the general public POLO, for example, according to the German Automobile Industry Association and the insurance companies evaluate the car's insurance rating as 10, 700 marks a year to pay insurance premiums as long as enough; while the same level of vehicle generally 13 or 14 to get their 1300-1400 marks.
So on this basis may be the insurance rating auto brands to consumers in foreign countries has become an important reference car indicator, while the major foreign automobile manufacturers in order to ensure the brand's market share, but also have to focus on these issues as technical issues to be studied and solved in order to improve their products, the insurance rating.
German novice premium calculated by 260%, and then gradually decline, the minimum can be reduced to 35%, but the premise is not an accident. Once out of the accident, the second year of the premium rates would increase about 50% or so. Such a policy can serve two purposes: to encourage the driver's safe driving, the driver less an accident, and it helps the profitability of insurance companies.
Canada: Risk Control Refinement
Canadian auto insurance awareness of risk control can be said that unusual. Fault of their own adverse accident record, easily stolen or involved in accidents often the products, often replacing insurance rates insurance companies and so on will have an impact. To participate in group insurance, the insurance company can give a general group insurance benefits, as other offers almost impossible.
Canada's auto insurance billing limit also includes the work car car insurance premium is higher than the weekend, people living in the city is higher than the premium of people living in the suburbs, married people, and so the premium is higher than single. Risk Control is already very detailed.
Netherlands: service to win customers
In the Netherlands, where a car can be auto insurance agency, but there are many branches of insurance companies, insurance is very convenient. If you buy a used car, the two sides as long as the insurance company to insurance turn into a new owner's name can be, and with immediate effect, there is no transfer of any other formalities. Insurance is considered by day and can be opened at any time to terminate at any time.
United States: The recourse to insurance claims
In 1919, Massachusetts, the first legislation to require car owners to be registered in the car, provide policies or bonds as compensation in case of accident vehicles, the ability of the guarantee, the bill known as the "ability to provide compensation Guarantee Act." 1927 Massachusetts the first state to the adoption of compulsory automobile liability insurance; 1956 New York State legislature is also compulsory insurance, the following year, North Carolina also passed a corresponding law. Since then, the car compulsory insurance in the United States prevailed.
Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance Law of the United States by the "compensation capacity of the Guarantee Law," evolved, but also "compensation capacity of the Guarantee Law," the ultimate legislative intent is more specific. "Compensation capacity of the Guarantee Law," requires only that the use of vehicles the ability to provide compensation for the guarantee, but the compulsory automobile liability insurance law emphasizes that insurance is the liability of car use to the performance of the best guarantees.
On the other hand, the U.S. insurance industry is generally believed that because the car owner or driver of a car accident caused by the injury itself, may be attributable to the same drive a car the other party, if the other party without compensation for those who can, rather than against the other party in order to obtain uncertainty or without adequate compensation, it is better to resort to insurance companies.
Under normal circumstances, the insured need only pay a small premium, you can get adequate and to determine the amount of compensation. In 1957, New Hampshire the first state legislature this concept into law, because the results are more satisfactory, other states followed suit.
In addition, the U.S. auto insurance is a major feature of the so-called no-fault auto insurance, that is, in a car accident occurs, the fault of both parties to abandon the attribution of responsibility for the controversy over the accident to his insurance company request for insurance coverage. In 1970, Massachusetts passed the first no-fault auto insurance legislation, the first to implement such a system. No-fault automobile insurance, including full no-fault to amend the no-fault no-fault and an additional three categories.
Should be pointed out that the no-fault payment does not include property damage (property loss is usually limited to the automobile losses), if the victim's property loss caused by the perpetrators, the victims may lose some of its request for compensation directly to the perpetrators.
United Kingdom: market segments to avoid price war
Britain is the world's motor vehicle insurance industry, the oldest and most developed markets, car insurance, one of the most technologically advanced countries. British current total population of about 50 million, more than 70% of households own cars, 2004 cars in more than 30 million, a great demand for auto insurance.
Since 2000, with the car led to the increase in incidents of personal injury and vehicle repair costs rise, the British public's demand for motor insurance continued to rise, showing increase in the number of motor vehicle insurance policy, the types of policies have gradually from a single statutory liability insurance to a comprehensive package of insurance changes, the total auto insurance market have been expanding.
Association of British insurers, according to statistics, in 2005, the United Kingdom general insurance (general insurance, life insurance is insurance that corresponds to the classification, including car insurance, property insurance and other types of short-term insurance) business, total premium income of 31.2 billion pounds, Among them, car insurance premiums reached 10.2 billion pounds, far exceeding the property insurance premium income of 8.5 billion pounds in size, accounting for general insurance business, the proportion of 1 / 3.
3 kind of insurance is fully protected
As the car insurance market is growing, automobile insurance, property insurance has become a Gejia the focus of business competition. In recent years part of the new companies entering the market with a way to reduce premiums to seek market share, but many large insurance companies in order to avoid "price war" lost profits continues to adopt its own unique formulation of premium rate method.
Practice has proved that with their own features and services, competitive strategy to achieve the overall market price level stability, as the market price volatility tends to calm the loyalty of consumers the car insurance companies and ever-increasing, the proportion of failure to renew From 1999 to 27.8% in 2003 to 20.6%.
Classification level of protection under the insurance policy, the United Kingdom car insurance can be divided into three statutory liability insurance, statutory liability insurance three additional fire and theft insurance, a comprehensive package of insurance, three grades. Among them, the statutory three British Road Traffic Act insurance is mandatory insurance, all British vehicles on the road must be insured in the insurance, otherwise a criminal offense.
In addition, on the basis of compulsory insurance, consumers can according to their needs, additional specific insurance, such as theft insurance and risk of fire. In addition to the comprehensive package of insurance, third party insurance plus fire and theft cover the contents of the risk, but also to the insurers and the driving of vehicles, goods vehicles traffic accidents in the accident claims for losses.
Should be noted that, even if the loss is entirely the fault of the insured, the insurance company is also responsible for settlement of claims. Payment including the damaged vehicle repair, replacement costs and casualties for medical and other related expenses. Driving Status owners will normally be a good insurance package, insurance, and this can get a higher degree of protection.
Stimulate growth in related industries
In the insurance coverage at the technical level, the United Kingdom's insurance underwriting more advanced technology also advances for the automotive insurance market has brought a lot of other interests. First of all, advanced underwriting techniques can drive the automotive market segmentation.
The maturity of the UK car insurance market, to a large extent reflected in the auto insurance market has completely broken down, eating cake auto insurance market, many auto insurance companies have their own expertise, each focusing on. Some companies over the age of 65 to give the owners of premium discounts, and some put the service object orientation in college students and other young people under the age of 25, there are specialized in antique-class "classic car" insurance, in addition, " 12:00 car insurance "companies are specifically targeted those old out of an accident so by a majority of the owners of insurance companies who shut the door.
This market segmentation on the premise that auto insurance policy is also very refined, the general implementation of "attendant with the people" element of rates. Only in this way, consumers can choose the most suitable for them, the most favorable premium companies.
End market segments not only to avoid a price war hurt the industry as a whole, but also led to the insurance brokerage business conducted at the same time an objective to promote the formation of the company's own operating characteristics and core competitiveness and provide consumers with more value-added services , and ultimately the market's overall prosperity and development.
At the same time, advanced technology enables consumers to obtain insurance premiums more equitable treatment for the same time, encouraged Loss Prevention to enhance the social benefits.
Composite weighted to determine the premium
British motor vehicle insurance through a number of factors determine the weighted premiums, on the one hand this approach is more truly reflects the risk profile of the vehicle insured pay more attention to driver factors, will represent the different risks insured objects to effectively discriminate will allow consumers to experience a large extent, pay equity. On the other hand, for poor driving record, repeatedly causing the accident the driver, high premium attached is an effective means of financial penalties. Always encourage consumers to develop a compliance with road traffic regulations, safe driving habits.
For example, the United Kingdom living common sense to keep as much as possible on the included "no Peian record" because of one-year "no Peian record" the following year to renew the policy when the insurance companies get a larger discount. To this end, the insured person in an accident because of some small claim before the insurance company will usually consider carefully look at options for settlement of claims or to maintain the "no Peian record" more economical. Under normal circumstances, no accidents can enjoy driving for one year 30% discount for 3 consecutive years of safe driving will be able to get up to 60% discount. If long-term maintain a safe driving record, a year's insurance costing less than £ 200. The underwriting system to achieve the objective of the Loss Prevention, reducing the accident frequency and severity of potential losses, to maximize the social benefits of insurance reflected.
This shows that the rate of development of advanced technology and information technology are combined to promote the UK auto insurance new market changes. As a result of multi-factor weighted premiums, many companies have specially designed a computer data processing software, to achieve the automation of information collection. Each element of a rate decision can be transformed into data, thereby realizing the full use of modern advanced communication technologies to enhance the efficiency and quality.
As early as 1985, the British began to use the telephone DirectLine motor vehicle insurance policy, and now Britain's major insurance companies have their own telephone sales system. The late 20th century with the popularity of the Internet online direct auto insurance product is being accepted more and more customers, telephone sales and online auto insurance auto insurance product sales have exceeded half of the total business volume.
Japan: No insurance was finally sentenced to a fine of
Japan's auto insurance was founded in 1914. Since 1947, all insurance companies use a unified general insurance terms and premium rates. So far, Japan has entered a variety of insurance products and premium rates in an era of competition.
Japan's auto insurance system, including compulsory automobile liability insurance and automobile insurance, any two systems. Compulsory automobile liability insurance is based on enacted in 1955, "Automatic Vehicle Security Act damages" as a legal basis. This insurance provides the most comprehensive auto insurance coverage auto insurance with any complementary and constitute the most comprehensive auto insurance in Japan.
"Automatic Vehicle Security Act of damages," the main elements for the implementation of compulsory automobile liability insurance. According to regulations, the insurance company under the decree unless there are legitimate reasons, shall not refuse to enter into liability insurance contracts; not make car insurance contracts will not be permitted traffic; did not participate in compulsory automobile liability insurance shall not be driving a car. Non-owned automobile liability insurance, prepare a certificate may not provide operations. Otherwise, once discovered and sentenced to 6 months imprisonment, or a penalty of 5 million yen fine.
This strong sanctions, as well as strict and effective supervision and inspection, and effectively ensured the implementation of compulsory insurance.
At the same time, compulsory automobile liability insurance and automobile inspection system combined. According to the Japanese "road transportation of motor vehicles Law" stipulates that owners of motor vehicle registry, run license or inspection issues, should provide the Executive Office to produce the insurance certificate, did not produce the insurance certificate or insurance certificate recorded in the period of insurance would not cover automobile inspection certificate or temporary operating permit validity period, the administrative offices will not sign in or issued inspection certificate and so on.
In addition, the Japanese custom to push through the fault of the victims suffered an accident live up the burden of proof, while the presumed perpetrators directly at fault.
In addition, for uninsured vehicle or hit and run accidents caused by vehicles, automatic vehicle damages provided for in Chapter V of the Code by the Government is responsible for compensation, served to protect the innocent victims of a third party purposes.
In addition, the "Automatic Vehicle Security Act damages" also provides: insurance companies self-insured risk indemnity insurance contract, in addition to light motorcycles, the amount insured by the government on its re-insurance of 60%.
Japan established re-insurance system, aimed at through the national re-insurance system, insurers spread the risk of encouraging insurance companies to offer this service.
